NCP Nursing Care Plan Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an acute inflammation of the vermiform appendix, a narrow, blind tube that extends from the inferior part of the cecum just below the ileocecal valve. Although the appendix has no known function, it does regularly fill and empty itself of food. Appendicitis occurs when the appendix becomes inflamed from ulceration of the mucosa or obstruction of the lumen. If untreated, this disease is fatal.
Causes For Appendicitis
Obstruction of the vermiform appendix. Since the appendix is a small, finger-like Appendage of the cecum, it is prone to obstruction as it regularly fills and empties with intestinal contents. obstruction caused by a fecal mass, stricture, barium ingestion, or viral infection. This obstruction sets off an inflammatory process that can lead to infection, thrombosis, necrosis, and perforation.
Complications For Appendicitis
Common complication of appendicitis:
* Appendix ruptures or Perforates.
* Peritonitis.
Other complications include:
* Appendiceal abscess
* Pyelophlebitis.
Diagnostik tes
* Complete blood count
* Abdominal ultrasound
* Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan
Nursing Assessment Nursing Care Plans For Appendicitis
Because other disorders can mimic appendicitis in sign and symptoms, diagnosis must rule out illnesses with similar symptoms: bladder infection, gastroenteritis, ileitis, colitis, acute salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, diverticulitis, gastritis, ovarian cyst, pancreatitis, renal colic, and uterine disease
* Patients history of midabdominal pain as the disease process progresses, patients usually complain of a constant epigastric or periumbilical pain that eventually localizes in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
* The patient may also report anorexia, nausea, one or two episodes of vomiting, and a low-grade fever. Later signs and symptoms include malaise, constipation and, rarely, diarrhea.
* Inspection typically shows a patient who walks bent over to reduce right lower quadrant pain. When sleeping or lying in a supine position, he may keep his right knee bent up to decrease pain.
* Auscultation usually reveals normal bowel sounds.
* Palpation and percussion disclose no localized abdominal findings except diffuse tenderness in the midepigastric area and around the umbilicus. Tenderness in the right lowers abdominal. There may be pain in the right lower quadrant resulting from palpating the lower left quadrant (Rovsing’s sign).
Appendicitis Treatment
1. Appendectomy
2. If peritonitis develops, treatment involves GI intubation, parenteral replacement of fluids and electrolytes, and administration of antibiotics.
Nursing diagnosis Nursing Care Plans For Appendicitis
Common nursing diagnosis found in Nursing Care Plans For Appendicitis
* Acute pain
* Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
* Impaired skin integrity
* Ineffective tissue perfusion: GI
* Risk for deficient fluid volume
* Risk for infection
* Risk for injury
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