DEFINITIONS
Apendiksitis is an inflammation that often occurs in the appendix which is a serious case of abdominal surgery that most often occurs.
Aetiology
Apendiksitis a bacterial infection caused by obstruction or blockage due to:
1. Hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles
2. The presence in the lumen of the appendix fekalit
3. Tumors of the appendix
4. The presence of foreign objects such as worms Ascariasis
5. Erosion of the mucosa of the appendix due to parasites such as E. Histilitica.
According to research, epidemiology shows eating low-fiber foods will lead to constipation which can cause apendiksitis. This will increase intra sekal pressure, causing a functional obstruction of the appendix and improve the growth of bacteria flora in the colon.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Pain felt in the lower quadrant of the abdomen and is usually accompanied by mild fever, nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite. Local tenderness at the point of Mc. Burney pressure when done. Tenderness may be found out.
Degree of tenderness, muscle spasm, and if there is constipation or diarrhea does not depend on the severity of infection and location of the appendix. If the appendix at the back of the caecal circular, pain and tenderness can be felt in the lumbar region; when the tip is in the pelvis, these signs can only diketahuipada rectal examination. Pain at defecation shows that the tip of the appendix close to the bladder or ureter. Kekeakuan existence at the bottom right of the rectum muscle may occur.
Tand Rovsing may arise by the left lower quadrant palpation, which is paradoxical causes pain felt in the lower right quadrant. If the appendix has ruptured, the pain and can be more diffuse; abdominal distension caused by ileus paralitikdan client’s condition deteriorated
COMPLICATIONS
The main complication is apendiksitis perforated appendix, which can progress to peritonitis, or abscess. Incidence of perforation was 105 to 32%. Higher incidence in small children and the elderly. Perforation generally occurs 24 hours after awitan pain. Symptoms include fever with a temperature of 37.7 o C or higher, abdominal tenderness kontinue.
In acute apendiksitis, the best treatment is surgery of the appendix. Within 48 hours must be done. Patients in obsevarsi, rest in Fowler’s position, given antibiotics and are given food that does not stimulate persitaltik, if there is perforated drain given the lower right stomach.
a. Pre operative action, including the hospitalized patients, given antibiotics and compress to reduce the temperature of the patient, the patient was asked to tirabaring and dipuasakan
b. Operative actions; apendiktomi
c. Post operative actions, one day post-surgical clients are encouraged to sit up in bed for 2 x 30 minutes, soft foods the next day and stood upright outside the room, the seventh day of stitches removed, clients go home